599 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
599 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
This project adds [CoffeeScript] support to vim. It covers syntax, indenting,
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compiling, and more.
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[CoffeeScript]: http://coffeescript.org/
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## Table of Contents
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- Installation
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- [Requirements](#requirements)
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- [Install using Pathogen](#install-using-pathogen)
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- [Install using Vundle](#install-using-vundle)
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- [Install from a Zip File](#install-from-a-zip-file)
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- Coffee Commands
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- [Compile to JavaScript](#compile-to-javascript)
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- [Compile CoffeeScript Snippets](#coffeecompile-compile-coffeescript-snippets)
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- [Live Preview Compiling](#coffeewatch-live-preview-compiling)
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- [Run CoffeeScript Snippets](#coffeerun-run-coffeescript-snippets)
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- [Lint your CoffeeScript](#coffeelint-lint-your-coffeescript)
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- Extras
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- [Literate CoffeeScript](#literate-coffeescript)
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- [CoffeeScript in HTML](#coffeescript-in-html)
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- [CoffeeScript in Haml](#coffeescript-in-haml)
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- Configuration
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- [Custom Autocmds](#custom-autocmds)
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- [Configuration Variables](#configuration-variables)
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- [Configure Syntax Highlighting](#configure-syntax-highlighting)
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- [Tune Vim for CoffeeScript](#tune-vim-for-coffeescript)
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## Requirements
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- vim 7.4 or later
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- coffee 1.2.0 or later
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## Install using Pathogen
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This project uses rolling releases based on git commits, so pathogen is a
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natural fit for it. If you're already using pathogen, you can skip to step 4.
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1. Install [pathogen.vim] into `~/.vim/autoload/` (see [pathogen's
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readme][install-pathogen] for more information.)
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[pathogen.vim]: http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=2332
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[install-pathogen]: https://github.com/tpope/vim-pathogen#installation
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2. Enable pathogen in your vimrc. Here's a bare-minimum vimrc that enables
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all the features of `vim-coffee-script`:
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```vim
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call pathogen#infect()
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syntax enable
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filetype plugin indent on
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```
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If you already have a vimrc built up, just make sure it contains these calls,
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in this order.
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3. Create the directory `~/.vim/bundle/`:
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mkdir ~/.vim/bundle
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4. Clone the `vim-coffee-script` repo into `~/.vim/bundle/`:
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git clone https://github.com/kchmck/vim-coffee-script.git ~/.vim/bundle/vim-coffee-script/
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Updating takes two steps:
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1. Change into `~/.vim/bundle/vim-coffee-script/`:
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cd ~/.vim/bundle/vim-coffee-script
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2. Pull in the latest changes:
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git pull
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## Install using Vundle
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1. [Install Vundle] into `~/.vim/bundle/`.
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[Install Vundle]: https://github.com/gmarik/vundle#quick-start
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2. Configure your vimrc for Vundle. Here's a bare-minimum vimrc that enables all
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the features of `vim-coffee-script`:
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```vim
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set nocompatible
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filetype off
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set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/vundle/
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call vundle#rc()
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Bundle 'kchmck/vim-coffee-script'
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syntax enable
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filetype plugin indent on
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```
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If you're adding Vundle to a built-up vimrc, just make sure all these calls
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are in there and that they occur in this order.
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3. Open vim and run `:BundleInstall`.
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To update, open vim and run `:BundleInstall!` (notice the bang!)
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## Install from a Zip File
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1. Download the latest zip file from [vim.org][zip].
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2. Extract the archive into `~/.vim/`:
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unzip -od ~/.vim/ ARCHIVE.zip
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This should create the files `~/.vim/autoload/coffee.vim`,
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`~/.vim/compiler/coffee.vim`, etc.
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You can update the plugin using the same steps.
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[zip]: http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=3590
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## Compile to JavaScript
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A `coffee` wrapper for use with `:make` is enabled automatically for coffee
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files if no other compiler is loaded. To enable it manually, run
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:compiler coffee
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The `:make` command is then configured to use the `coffee` compiler and
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recognize its errors. I've included a quick reference here but be sure to check
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out [`:help :make`][make] for a full reference of the command.
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[make]: http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/quickfix.html#:make_makeprg
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Consider the full signature of a `:make` call as
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:[silent] make[!] [COFFEE-OPTIONS]...
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By default `:make` shows all compiler output and jumps to the first line
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reported as an error. Compiler output can be hidden with a leading `:silent`:
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:silent make
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Line-jumping can be turned off by adding a bang:
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:make!
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`COFFEE-OPTIONS` given to `:make` are passed along to `coffee` (see also
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[`coffee_make_options`](#coffee_make_options)):
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:make --bare --output /some/dir
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See the [full table of options](http://coffeescript.org/#usage) for a
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list of all the options that `coffee` recognizes.
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*Configuration*: [`coffee_compiler`](#coffee_compiler),
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[`coffee_make_options`](#coffee_make_options)
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#### The quickfix window
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Compiler errors are added to the [quickfix] list by `:make`, but the quickfix
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window isn't automatically shown. The [`:cwindow`][cwindow] command will pop up
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the quickfix window if there are any errors:
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:make
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:cwindow
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This is usually the desired behavior, so you may want to add an autocmd to your
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vimrc to do this automatically:
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autocmd QuickFixCmdPost * nested cwindow | redraw!
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The `redraw!` command is needed to fix a redrawing quirk in terminal vim, but
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can removed for gVim.
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[quickfix]: http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/quickfix.html#quickfix
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[cwindow]: http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/quickfix.html#:cwindow
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#### Recompile on write
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To recompile a file when it's written, add a `BufWritePost` autocmd to your
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vimrc:
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autocmd BufWritePost *.coffee silent make!
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#### Cake and Cakefiles
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A `cake` compiler is also available with the call
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:compiler cake
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You can then use `:make` as above to run your Cakefile and capture any `coffee`
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errors:
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:silent make build
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It runs within the current directory, so make sure you're in the directory of
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your Cakefile before calling it.
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*Configuration*: [`coffee_cake`](#coffee_cake),
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[`coffee_cake_options`](#coffee_cake_options)
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## CoffeeCompile: Compile CoffeeScript Snippets
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CoffeeCompile shows how the current file or a snippet of CoffeeScript is
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compiled to JavaScript.
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:[RANGE] CoffeeCompile [vert[ical]] [WINDOW-SIZE]
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Calling `:CoffeeCompile` without a range compiles the whole file:
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Calling it with a range, like in visual mode, compiles only the selected snippet
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of CoffeeScript:
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Each file gets its own CoffeeCompile buffer, and the same buffer is used for all
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future calls of `:CoffeeCompile` on that file. It can be quickly closed by
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hitting `q` in normal mode.
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Using `vert` opens the CoffeeCompile buffer vertically instead of horizontally
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(see also [`coffee_compile_vert`](#coffee_compile_vert)):
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:CoffeeCompile vert
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By default the CoffeeCompile buffer splits the source buffer in half, but this
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can be overridden by passing in a `WINDOW-SIZE`:
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:CoffeeCompile 4
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*Configuration*: [`coffee_compiler`](#coffee_compiler`),
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[`coffee_compile_vert`](#coffee_compile_vert)
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#### Quick syntax checking
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If compiling a snippet results in a compiler error, CoffeeCompile adds that
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error to the [quickfix] list.
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[quickfix]: http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/quickfix.html#quickfix
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You can use this to quickly check the syntax of a snippet.
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## CoffeeWatch: Live Preview Compiling
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CoffeeWatch emulates using the Try CoffeeScript preview box on the [CoffeeScript
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homepage][CoffeeScript].
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CoffeeWatch takes the same options as CoffeeCompile:
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:CoffeeWatch [vert[ical]] [WINDOW-SIZE]
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After a source buffer is watched, leaving insert mode or saving the file fires
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off a recompile of the CoffeeScript:
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You can force recompilation by calling `:CoffeeWatch`.
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To get synchronized scrolling of the source buffer and CoffeeWatch buffer, set
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[`'scrollbind'`](http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/options.html#'scrollbind')
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on each:
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:setl scrollbind
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*Configuration*: [`coffee_compiler`](#coffee_compiler),
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[`coffee_watch_vert`](#coffee_watch_vert)
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## CoffeeRun: Run CoffeeScript Snippets
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CoffeeRun compiles the current file or selected snippet and runs the resulting
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JavaScript.
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The command has two forms:
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:CoffeeRun [PROGRAM-OPTIONS]...
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This form applies when no `RANGE` is given or when the given range is `1,$`
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(first line to last line). It allows passing `PROGRAM-OPTIONS` to your compiled
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program. The filename is passed directly to `coffee` so you must save the file
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for your changes to take effect.
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:RANGE CoffeeRun [COFFEE-OPTIONS]...
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This form applies with all other ranges. It compiles and runs the lines within
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the given `RANGE` and any extra `COFFEE-OPTIONS` are passed to `coffee`.
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*Configuration*: [`coffee_compiler`](#coffee_compiler),
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[`coffee_run_vert`](#coffee_run_vert)
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## CoffeeLint: Lint your CoffeeScript
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CoffeeLint runs [coffeelint](http://www.coffeelint.org/) (version 0.5.7 or later
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required) on the current file and adds any issues to the [quickfix] list.
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:[RANGE] CoffeeLint[!] [COFFEELINT-OPTIONS]... [ | cwindow]
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If a `RANGE` is given, only those lines are piped to `coffeelint`. Options given
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in `COFFEELINT-OPTIONS` are passed to `coffeelint` (see also
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[`coffee_lint_options`](#coffee_lint_options)):
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:CoffeeLint -f lint.json
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It behaves very similar to `:make`, described [above](#compile-to-javascript).
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:CoffeeLint! | cwindow
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*Configuration*: [`coffee_linter`](#coffee_linter),
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[`coffee_lint_options`](#coffee_lint_options)
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## Literate CoffeeScript
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Literate CoffeeScript syntax and indent support is provided by
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[vim-literate-coffeescript]. The `Coffee` commands detect when they're running
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on a litcoffee file and pass the `--literate` flag to their respective tools,
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but at this time the commands are not automatically loaded when a litcoffee file
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is opened.
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[vim-literate-coffeescript]: https://github.com/mintplant/vim-literate-coffeescript
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To load them, run
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runtime ftplugin/coffee.vim
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while inside a litcoffee buffer. To do this automatically, add
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autocmd FileType litcoffee runtime ftplugin/coffee.vim
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to your vimrc.
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## CoffeeScript in HTML
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CoffeeScript is highlighted and indented within
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```html
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<script type="text/coffeescript">
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</script>
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```
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blocks in html files.
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## CoffeeScript in Haml
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CoffeeScript is highlighted within the `:coffeescript` filter in haml files:
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```haml
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:coffeescript
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console.log "hullo"
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```
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At this time, coffee indenting doesn't work in these blocks.
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## Custom Autocmds
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You can [define commands][autocmd-explain] to be ran automatically on these
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custom events.
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In all cases, the name of the command running the event (`CoffeeCompile`,
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`CoffeeWatch`, or `CoffeeRun`) is matched by the [`{pat}`][autocmd] argument.
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You can match all commands with a `*` or only specific commands by separating
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them with a comma: `CoffeeCompile,CoffeeWatch`.
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[autocmd-explain]: http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/usr_40.html#40.3
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[autocmd]: http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/autocmd.html#:autocmd
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#### CoffeeBufNew
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CoffeeBufNew is ran when a new scratch buffer is created. It's called from the
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new buffer, so it can be used to do additional set up.
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```vim
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augroup CoffeeBufNew
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autocmd User * set wrap
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augroup END
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```
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*Used By*: CoffeeCompile, CoffeeWatch, CoffeeRun
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#### CoffeeBufUpdate
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CoffeeBufUpdate is ran when a scratch buffer is updated with output from
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`coffee`. It's called from the scratch buffer, so it can be used to alter the
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compiled output.
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```vim
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" Switch back to the source buffer after updating.
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augroup CoffeeBufUpdate
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autocmd User CoffeeCompile,CoffeeRun exec bufwinnr(b:coffee_src_buf) 'wincmd w'
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augroup END
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```
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For example, to strip off the "Generated by" comment on the first line, put this
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in your vimrc:
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```vim
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function! s:RemoveGeneratedBy()
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" If there was an error compiling, there's no comment to remove.
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if v:shell_error
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return
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endif
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" Save cursor position.
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let pos = getpos('.')
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" Remove first line.
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set modifiable
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1 delete _
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set nomodifiable
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" Restore cursor position.
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call setpos('.', pos)
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endfunction
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augroup CoffeeBufUpdate
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autocmd User CoffeeCompile,CoffeeWatch call s:RemoveGeneratedBy()
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augroup END
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```
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*Used By*: CoffeeCompile, CoffeeWatch, CoffeeRun
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## Configuration Variables
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This is the full list of configuration variables available, with example
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settings and default values. Use these in your vimrc to control the default
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behavior.
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#### coffee\_indent\_keep\_current
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By default, the indent function matches the indent of the previous line if it
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doesn't find a reason to indent or outdent. To change this behavior so it
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instead keeps the [current indent of the cursor][98], use
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let coffee_indent_keep_current = 1
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[98]: https://github.com/kchmck/vim-coffee-script/pull/98
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*Default*: `unlet coffee_indent_keep_current`
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Note that if you change this after a coffee file has been loaded, you'll have to
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reload the indent script for the change to take effect:
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unlet b:did_indent | runtime indent/coffee.vim
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#### coffee\_compiler
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Path to the `coffee` executable used by the `Coffee` commands:
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let coffee_compiler = '/usr/bin/coffee'
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*Default*: `'coffee'` (search `$PATH` for executable)
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#### coffee\_make\_options
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Options to pass to `coffee` with `:make`:
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let coffee_make_options = '--bare'
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*Default*: `''` (nothing)
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Note that `coffee_make_options` is embedded into `'makeprg'`, so `:compiler
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coffee` must be ran after changing `coffee_make_options` for the changes to take
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effect.
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#### coffee\_cake
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Path to the `cake` executable:
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let coffee_cake = '/opt/bin/cake'
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*Default*: `'cake'` (search `$PATH` for executable)
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#### coffee\_cake\_options
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Options to pass to `cake` with `:make`:
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let coffee_cake_options = 'build'
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*Default*: `''` (nothing)
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#### coffee\_linter
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Path to the `coffeelint` executable:
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let coffee_linter = '/opt/bin/coffeelint'
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*Default*: `'coffeelint'` (search `$PATH` for executable)
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#### coffee\_lint\_options
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Options to pass to `coffeelint`:
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let coffee_lint_options = '-f lint.json'
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*Default*: `''` (nothing)
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#### coffee\_compile\_vert
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Open the CoffeeCompile buffer with a vertical split instead of a horizontal
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one:
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let coffee_compile_vert = 1
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*Default*: `unlet coffee_compile_vert`
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#### coffee\_watch\_vert
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Open the CoffeeWatch buffer with a vertical split instead of a horizontal
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one:
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let coffee_watch_vert = 1
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*Default*: `unlet coffee_watch_vert`
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#### coffee\_run\_vert
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Open the CoffeeRun buffer with a vertical split instead of a horizontal
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one:
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let coffee_run_vert = 1
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*Default*: `unlet coffee_run_vert`
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## Configure Syntax Highlighting
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Add these lines to your vimrc to disable the relevant syntax group.
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#### Disable trailing whitespace error
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Trailing whitespace is highlighted as an error by default. This can be disabled
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with:
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hi link coffeeSpaceError NONE
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#### Disable trailing semicolon error
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Trailing semicolons are considered an error (for help transitioning from
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JavaScript.) This can be disabled with:
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hi link coffeeSemicolonError NONE
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#### Disable reserved words error
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Reserved words like `function` and `var` are highlighted as an error where
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they're not allowed in CoffeeScript. This can be disabled with:
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hi link coffeeReservedError NONE
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## Tune Vim for CoffeeScript
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Changing these core settings can make vim more CoffeeScript friendly.
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#### Fold by indentation
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Folding by indentation works well for CoffeeScript functions and classes:
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To fold by indentation in CoffeeScript files, add this line to your vimrc:
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autocmd BufNewFile,BufReadPost *.coffee setl foldmethod=indent nofoldenable
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With this, folding is disabled by default but can be quickly toggled per-file
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by hitting `zi`. To enable folding by default, remove `nofoldenable`:
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autocmd BufNewFile,BufReadPost *.coffee setl foldmethod=indent
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#### Two-space indentation
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To get standard two-space indentation in CoffeeScript files, add this line to
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your vimrc:
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autocmd BufNewFile,BufReadPost *.coffee setl shiftwidth=2 expandtab
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