$%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% $ == cpp.cin == cin >> ; $ == cpp.cout == insert == cout << << endl; $ == cpp.cout-operator == insert == << "" $ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.output-manipulator-boolalpha == insert == << boolalpha == cpp.output-manipulator-dec == insert == << dec == cpp.output-manipulator-endl == insert == << endl == cpp.output-manipulator-fixed == insert == << fixed == cpp.output-manipulator-flush == insert == << flush == cpp.output-manipulator-hex == insert == << hex == cpp.output-manipulator-internal == insert == << internal == cpp.output-manipulator-left == insert == << left == cpp.output-manipulator-oct == insert == << oct == cpp.output-manipulator-right == insert == << right == cpp.output-manipulator-scientific == insert == << scientific == cpp.output-manipulator-setbase == insert == << setbase(10) == cpp.output-manipulator-setfill == insert == << setfill() == cpp.output-manipulator-setiosflag == insert == << setiosflags() == cpp.output-manipulator-setprecision == insert == << setprecision(6) == cpp.output-manipulator-setw == insert == << setw(0) == cpp.output-manipulator-showbase == insert == << showbase == cpp.output-manipulator-showpoint == insert == << showpoint == cpp.output-manipulator-showpos == insert == << showpos == cpp.output-manipulator-uppercase == insert == << uppercase $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.method-implementation == void |?CLASSNAME|::|?METHODNAME| ( <+argument list+> ) { return ; } /* ----- end of method |CLASSNAME|::|?METHODNAME| ----- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.accessor-implementation == /* *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Class: |?CLASSNAME| * Method: get_|?ATTRIBUTE| *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ inline |?RETURNTYPE| |CLASSNAME|::get_|ATTRIBUTE| ( ) const { return |ATTRIBUTE|; } /* ----- end of method |CLASSNAME|::get_|ATTRIBUTE| ----- */ /* *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Class: |CLASSNAME| * Method: set_|ATTRIBUTE| *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ inline void |CLASSNAME|::set_|ATTRIBUTE| ( |RETURNTYPE| value ) { |ATTRIBUTE| = value; return ; } /* ----- end of method |CLASSNAME|::set_|ATTRIBUTE| ----- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.class-definition == /* * ===================================================================================== * Class: |?CLASSNAME:c| * Description: * ===================================================================================== */ class |CLASSNAME| { public: /* ==================== LIFECYCLE ======================================= */ |CLASSNAME| (); /* constructor */ /* ==================== ACCESSORS ======================================= */ /* ==================== MUTATORS ======================================= */ /* ==================== OPERATORS ======================================= */ protected: /* ==================== DATA MEMBERS ======================================= */ private: /* ==================== DATA MEMBERS ======================================= */ }; /* ----- end of class |CLASSNAME| ----- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.class-implementation == /* *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Class: |?CLASSNAME:c| * Method: |CLASSNAME| * Description: constructor *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ |CLASSNAME|::|CLASSNAME| () { } /* ----- end of method |CLASSNAME|::|CLASSNAME| (constructor) ----- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.class-using-new-definition == /* * ===================================================================================== * Class: |?CLASSNAME:c| * Description: * ===================================================================================== */ class |CLASSNAME| { public: /* ==================== LIFECYCLE ======================================= */ |CLASSNAME| (); /* constructor */ |CLASSNAME| ( const |CLASSNAME| &other ); /* copy constructor */ ~|CLASSNAME| (); /* destructor */ /* ==================== ACCESSORS ======================================= */ /* ==================== MUTATORS ======================================= */ /* ==================== OPERATORS ======================================= */ |CLASSNAME|& operator = ( const |CLASSNAME| &other ); /* assignment operator */ protected: /* ==================== DATA MEMBERS ======================================= */ private: /* ==================== DATA MEMBERS ======================================= */ }; /* ----- end of class |CLASSNAME| ----- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.class-using-new-implementation == /* *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Class: |?CLASSNAME:c| * Method: |CLASSNAME| * Description: constructor *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ |CLASSNAME|::|CLASSNAME| () { } /* ----- end of method |CLASSNAME|::|CLASSNAME| (constructor) ----- */ /* *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Class: |CLASSNAME| * Method: |CLASSNAME| * Description: copy constructor *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ |CLASSNAME|::|CLASSNAME| ( const |CLASSNAME| &other ) { } /* ----- end of method |CLASSNAME|::|CLASSNAME| (copy constructor) ----- */ /* *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Class: |CLASSNAME| * Method: ~|CLASSNAME| * Description: destructor *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ |CLASSNAME|::~|CLASSNAME| () { } /* ----- end of method |CLASSNAME|::~|CLASSNAME| (destructor) ----- */ /* *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Class: |CLASSNAME| * Method: operator = * Description: assignment operator *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ |CLASSNAME|& |CLASSNAME|::operator = ( const |CLASSNAME| &other ) { if ( this != &other ) { } return *this; } /* ----- end of method |CLASSNAME|::operator = (assignment operator) ----- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.error-class == /* * ===================================================================================== * Class: |?CLASSNAME:c| * Description: * ===================================================================================== */ class |CLASSNAME| { public: |CLASSNAME| ( string msg = "|CLASSNAME|" ):message(msg) { } virtual ~|CLASSNAME| ( ) { } virtual string what ( ) const throw ( ) { return message; } protected: string message; }; /* ----- end of class |CLASSNAME| ----- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.template-method-implementation == template < class T > void |?CLASSNAME|::|?METHODNAME| ( <+argument list+> ) { return ; } /* ----- end of method |CLASSNAME|::|METHODNAME| ----- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.template-accessor-implementation == /* *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Class: |?CLASSNAME| * Method: get_|?ATTRIBUTE| *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ template < class T > inline |?RETURNTYPE| |CLASSNAME|::get_|ATTRIBUTE| ( ) const { return |ATTRIBUTE|; } /* ----- end of method |CLASSNAME|::get_|ATTRIBUTE| ----- */ /* *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Class: |CLASSNAME| * Method: set_|ATTRIBUTE| *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ template < class T > inline void |CLASSNAME|::set_|ATTRIBUTE| ( |RETURNTYPE| value ) { |ATTRIBUTE| = value; return ; } /* ----- end of method |CLASSNAME|::set_|ATTRIBUTE| ----- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.template-class-definition == /* * ===================================================================================== * Class: |?CLASSNAME:c| * Description: * ===================================================================================== */ template < class T > class |CLASSNAME| { public: /* ==================== LIFECYCLE ======================================= */ |CLASSNAME| (); /* constructor */ /* ==================== ACCESSORS ======================================= */ /* ==================== MUTATORS ======================================= */ /* ==================== OPERATORS ======================================= */ protected: /* ==================== DATA MEMBERS ======================================= */ private: /* ==================== DATA MEMBERS ======================================= */ }; /* ---------- end of template class |CLASSNAME| ---------- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.template-class-implementation == /* *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Class: |?CLASSNAME:c| * Method: |CLASSNAME| * Description: *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ template < class T > |CLASSNAME| < T >::|CLASSNAME| () { } /* ---------- end of constructor of template class |CLASSNAME| ---------- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.template-class-using-new-definition == /* * ===================================================================================== * Class: |?CLASSNAME:c| * Description: * ===================================================================================== */ template < class T > class |CLASSNAME| { public: // ==================== LIFECYCLE ======================================= |CLASSNAME| (); /* constructor */ |CLASSNAME| ( const |CLASSNAME| &other ); /* copy constructor */ ~|CLASSNAME| (); /* destructor */ /* ==================== ACCESSORS ======================================= */ /* ==================== MUTATORS ======================================= */ /* ==================== OPERATORS ======================================= */ |CLASSNAME|& operator = ( const |CLASSNAME| &other ); // assignment operator protected: /* ==================== DATA MEMBERS ======================================= */ private: /* ==================== DATA MEMBERS ======================================= */ }; /* ----- end of template class |CLASSNAME| ----- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.template-class-using-new-implementation == /* *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Class: |?CLASSNAME:c| * Method: |CLASSNAME| * Description: constructor *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ template < class T > |CLASSNAME|< T >::|CLASSNAME| () { } /* ---------- end of constructor of template class |CLASSNAME| ---------- */ /* *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Class: |CLASSNAME| * Method: |CLASSNAME| * Description: copy constructor *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ template < class T > |CLASSNAME|< T >::|CLASSNAME| ( const |CLASSNAME| &other ) { } /* ---------- end of copy constructor of template class |CLASSNAME| ---------- */ /* *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Class: |CLASSNAME| * Method: ~|CLASSNAME| * Description: destructor *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ template < class T > |CLASSNAME|< T >::~|CLASSNAME| () { } /* ---------- end of destructor of template class |CLASSNAME| ---------- */ /* *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Class: |CLASSNAME| * Method: operator = * Description: assignment operator *-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ template < class T > |CLASSNAME|< T >& |CLASSNAME|< T >::operator = ( const |CLASSNAME| &other ) { return *this; } /* ---------- end of assignment operator of template class |CLASSNAME| ---------- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.template-function == template void |?TEMPALTE_FUNCTION_NAME| ( <+argument list+> ) { return ; } /* ----- end of template function |?TEMPALTE_FUNCTION_NAME| ----- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.operator-in == ostream & operator << ( ostream & os, const |?CLASSNAME| & obj ) { os << obj. ; return os; } /* ----- end of function operator << ----- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.operator-out == istream & operator >> ( istream & is, |?CLASSNAME| & obj ) { is >> obj. ; return is; } /* ----- end of function operator >> ----- */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.try-catch == try { } catch ( const &ExceptObj ) { /* handle exception: */ } catch (...) { /* handle exception: unspecified */ } $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.catch == catch ( const &ExceptObj ) { /* handle exception: */ } $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.catch-points == catch (...) { /* handle exception: unspecified */ } $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.extern == extern "C" { } $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.open-input-file == string ifs_file_name = ""; /* input file name */ ifstream ifs; /* create ifstream object */ ifs.open ( ifs_file_name.c_str() ); /* open ifstream */ if (!ifs) { cerr << "\nERROR : failed to open input file " << ifs_file_name << endl; exit (EXIT_FAILURE); } {-continue here-} ifs.close (); /* close ifstream */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.open-output-file == string ofs_file_name = ""; /* input file name */ ofstream ofs; /* create ofstream object */ ofs.open ( ofs_file_name.c_str() ); /* open ofstream */ if (!ofs) { cerr << "\nERROR : failed to open output file " << ofs_file_name << endl; exit (EXIT_FAILURE); } {-continue here-} ofs.close (); /* close ofstream */ $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.namespace-std == using namespace std; == cpp.namespace == using namespace |?NAMESPACE|; == cpp.namespace-block == namespace |?NAMESPACE| { } /* ----- end of namespace |NAMESPACE| ----- */ == cpp.namespace-alias == namespace |?NAMESPACE_ALIAS| = {-original namespace name-}; $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% == cpp.rtti-typeid == insert == typeid() $ == cpp.rtti-static-cast == insert == static_cast<>() $ == cpp.rtti-const-cast == insert == const_cast<>() $ == cpp.rtti-reinterpret-cast == insert == reinterpret_cast<>() $ == cpp.rtti-dynamic-cast == insert == dynamic_cast<>() $%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%